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Jargon Buster

The du Pré Jargon Buster found the following for - I

Nos A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Term

Explanation

The I series Recommendations from the ITU-T regard general ISDN matters

I.110

General structure of the I-series recommendations

I.111

Relationship with other recommendations relevant to other ISDNs

I.112

Vocabulary for terms for ISDNs

I.120

ISDN concept

I.130

Attributes for the characteristics of telecommunications services supported by ISDN and other network capabilities of an ISDN

I.210

Principles of telecommunication services supported by ISDN

I.211

Bearer services supported by ISDN

I.212

Tele-services supported by ISDN

I.300

ISDN functional principles

I.310

Network functional principles

I.320

ISDN protocol reference model

I.325

ISDN connection types

I.32X

ISDN functional architectural model

I.330

ISDN numbering and addressing principles

I.331

Numbering plan for ISDN era

I.340

ISDN connection types

I.410

General aspects and principles relating to recommendations on ISDN user network interfaces

I.411

ISDN user-network interfaces reference configurations

I.412

ISDN user-network interfaces – interface structures and access capabilities

I.420

Basic rate user-network interface. Basic Rate Access signalling protocol, conforming to Recommendation Q.931

I.421

Primary rate user-network interface. Primary Rate Access signalling protocol, conforming to Recommendation Q.931

I.430

Basic rate user-network interface – layer 1 specification

I.440

ISDN user-network interface data link layer-specification

I.450

General aspects of the ISDN user-network interface - layer 3 functions and protocols

I.451

Specification of the ISDN user-network interface - layer 3 protocol

I.460

Multiplexing rate adaption and support of existing interfaces

I.461

Support of X21 and X21bis based DTEs by an ISDN (x30)

I.462

Support of packet mode terminal equipment by an ISDN (X31)

I.463

Support of the DTEs with V-series type interfaces by an ISDN

I.46X

Support of 56Kbit/s information streams on an ISDN

I.472

Internet working services and protocols

I2O

Intelligent Input/Output is a hardware specification that describes a model for offloading I/O processing from the CPU. The model is after the style of what has been used in very large mainframes for years. It is not a replacement for the PCI architecture.

IBM

International Business Machines. One of the great computer manufacturing giants

IC card

Integrated Circuit card, the size of a credit card. Can be used to store memory or even serve as a network or modem card. Data is protected by a small lithium battery

ICD

Internal Cable Distribution

Icon

A small picture used by a GUI to represent an action with a picture rather than a typed command

ICSP

Intranet Connect Services Portfolio. A BT term for the ADS portfolio

ICT

Information and Communications Technology

IDA

Integrated Digital Access. The first offering by BT for connection to the IDN in 1985

IDC

Insulation Displacement Connection. Where a wire, complete with its insulation, is pressed between two metals strips which cut through (displace) the insulation, thereby making contact with the metal conductor. These types of connector replaced screw connectors in the mid 1990s

IDD

International Direct Dialling. Where the subscriber can dial an international number without operator assistance. Introduced in 1963

IDE

Integrated Drive Electronics. Refers to the circuitry which controls the hard disk. This is usually attached to the hard disk itself rather than being part of the PC or a separate controller card

iDEN

A cellular radio term. High Speed Circuit Switched Data. A digital phone technology developped by Motorola for workgroups. iDEN phones can be used as two-way radios, but with no need for both parties to be within a certain range: two-way radio communications use the cellular telephony network. Most of these phones usually feature a built-in speakerphone

IDN

Integrated Digital Network. For example, that part of BT’s telecommunications network which does not include the link to the subscriber, the infrastructure

IEC

International Electrotechnical Commission

IEE

Institute of Electrical Engineers

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers which develops the standards for the computer and electronics industry

IKE

Internet Key Exchange. A hybrid protocol whose purpose is to negotiate, and provide authenticated keying material for, security associations in a protected manner. Processes which implement this protocol can be used for negotiating virtual private networks (VPNs) and also for providing a remote user from a remote site (whose IP address need not be known beforehand) access to a secure host or network.

IMT-2000

A cellular radio term. International Mobile Telecommunications. A term used by the ITU to refer to 3G wireless technology, that provide higher data speed between mobile phones and base antennas

Inbound Services

A BT term. Inbound Services (also known as Telemarketing Services) encompass all BT non-geographic numbers and their associated network services. Their purpose is to make it easier for an organisation to be called by its customers, by using, for example, Freefone and Lo-Call numbers. Network routing products and services (Advanced Features) allow each call to be directed to when and where it can best be answered. In this way Inbound Services can help organisations attract, serve and develop their customer base

Ingress

A BT term The insertion point of a particular platform

Insider Attack

An attack originating from inside a protected network.

Int

A BT term. Internal

Interface

The place or piece of equipment where interaction occurs between two regions or systems or processes. Probably the most common interface is the RS232 port, and on LANs the Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) between computer and transceiver

International Facility Licence

Where a licensed operator owns its own infrastructure for conveying traffic between countries. In the UK the International Facilities Licensees are licensed to own and operate international facilities at the UK end and on all International Routes – see PTO

International Simple Resale

An International service provided by an operator using international facilities owned by other operators. Traffic is collected from one operator, placed on an international leased line, and handed over to another operator to deliver the call. Involves Break out at each end

Internet

The name given to an interconnected set of communications networks. The Internet is a sprawling and world wide system which connects computers and enables access to documents from all over the world. Started in 1963 by the US Ministry of Defence. A shortened form of the 1995 UN definition, is “a global information system, logically linked by a unique address based on IP, which is able to support communications using the TCP/IP suite. It provides, uses or makes available, high level services layered on a related communications infrastructure”

Internet Backbone

The Internet backbone refers to the main "trunk" connections of the Internet. It is made up of a large collection of interconnected commercial, government, academic and other high-capacity data routes and core routers that carry data across the countries, continents and oceans of the world

Internet Protocol Security

see IPSec

Intranet

An internal or private in-company network, based on the same standards and protocols and the Internet

IntranetWare

Novell’s latest network operating system, which includes the software to enable the setting up and running of an Intranet

Intrusion Detection

Detection of break-ins or break-in attempts by reviewing logs or other information available on a network.

Inverse Multiplexor

A device which allows a number of narrow band ISDN channels to be combined to form a wide telecommunications channel. Needed for applications which need high bandwidths, such as video conferencing

i) Internet Protocol. An industry standard packet switching protocol used as the network portion of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Uses TCP for transport. The working tool that makes the Internet possible

ii) Ingress Protection standards, as laid down by the IEC. The IP standards comprise two digits, of which the first refers to solids and the second to liquids. The IP codes are as follows,

X	Not tested or irrelevant	X	Not tested or irrelevant
0	No protection	0	No protection
1	Objects larger than 50mm	1	Water dripping vertically
2	Objects larger than 12mm	2	Water dripping at up to 15 degrees off vertical
3	Objects larger than 2.5mm	3	Water dripping at up to 60 degrees off vertical
4	Objects larger than 1.0mm	4	Splashed water
5	Unaffected by dust	5	Waterjets and hoses
6	Sealed against dust	6	Powerful waterjets and heavy seas
		7	Temporary immersion
		8	Indefinite immersion

Hence, IP68 would mean ‘sealed against dust can withstand indefinite immersion’, whilst IP11 would mean ‘protected against objects larger than 50mm and against water dripping vertically’

IP Address

Internet Protocol Address. Your address on the Internet. Used to be 4 numbers, each of up to 3 digits, such as 145.34.7.876. To be changed to 6 numbers of 4 digits each

IP Hijacking

An attack where an active, established session is intercepted and taken over by the attacker. May take place after authentication has occurred which allows the attacker to assume the role of an already authorized user.

IP Spoofing

An attack where the attacker impersonates a trusted system by using its IP network address.

IP Stream

see IPStream.

IP Telephony

Where voice is transmitted using IP, also referred to as VoIP, Internet telephony, Broadband telephony, Broadband Phone and Voice over Broadband. The routing of voice conversations over the Internet or through any other IP-based network.

Telephone systems which use IP Telephony have been a half-way house between those connected to the traditional PSTN or ISDN networks and Pure IP Telephony, such as du Pré Connect

IPC

International Private Circuit. A general term used by a PTO such as BT describing a Private Circuit which connects two countries

IPCP

A PPP mechanism that provides the ability to negotiate a single IP address during IP network level link set-up, used for the duration of the session while the PPP link is established. Note that only the IP address is provided and that there is no mechanism for carrying other information. IPCP is supported in many host and router based PPP implementations

IPLC

A BT term. Internet Connect services

IPSec

A developing standard for security at the network or packet processing layer of network communication. IPSec provides two choices of security service: Authentication Header (AH), which essentially allows authentication of the sender of data, and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), which supports both authentication of the sender and encryption of data as well.

IPStream

A BT service. A one-to-many contended broadband service offerning an IP based high-speed digital connection.

IPStream is a Variable Bit Rate (VBR) service, ideal for fast ("bursty") access to the ISP. It is suitable when most of the data traffic is heading "downstream," towards the End User where speeds can reach 2mbps.

The upstream channel can carry email, text, graphics and other data at up to 250kbit/s depending on the end users distance from the BT local exchange.

The end user access provides an ADSL link over the standard telephone line from the end user's premises through the BT's local exchange and into the BT broadband network.

IPT

see IP Telephony.

IPX/SPX

Internet Package eXchange/Sequence Package eXchange. Novell’s proprietary transport protocol

A BT term. Inbound Services

ISA

Industry Standard Architecture. A term that describes IBM compatible PCs of the AT bus variety. By modern standards, slow, and being replaced by PCI

ISDN

Integrated Services Digital Network. Originally defined by the CCITT as ‘a network evolved from the telephony IDN that provides end-to-end digital connectivity to support a wide range of services, including voice and non-voice services, to which users have access by a limited set of standard multipurpose customer interfaces’

ISDN Line Box

The customer’s access point to BRA. Known as an NT1. To which a routing device or an So-bus is connected

ISDN2

The original BT offering of Basic Rate Access based on BTNR 191. Used ‘Modified I.420’ signalling which was not fully compliant with ETSI’s NET3

ISDN2e

The revised BT offering of Basic Rate Access which is fully compliant with ETSI’s NET3, using I.420 signalling

ISDN30

Primary Rate Access, using DASS2 or Limited I.421 signalling

ISDN30e

Primary Rate Access, able to encompass additional Q.931 and BT Digital Select Services as they are introduced to the UK network. Available from 25.1.99

I-Series

The 1988 set of CCITT (now ITU-T) recommendations. Includes BRA and PRA recommendations

ISO

International Organisation for Standardisation. Made up from representatives from National standard making bodies, the UK’s being BSI. Defines many of the associated standards relevant to the ISDN such as OSI

Isochronous

Term given to a data channel for synchronous data transmission

ISP

Internet Service Provider. A company which provides other companies or individuals with access to, or presence on, the Internet

ISPBX

Integrated Services Private Branch Exchange. A PABX which allows data to pass through the PBX at 64Kbit/s and which is ISDN compatible

Information Technology. The generic term used to define anything to do with the world of computers and data

ITR6

The ISDN access signalling system (equivalent to DASS2) in Germany

ITU

International Telecommunications Union. The renamed CCITT. The world centre for agreements on telecommunications and a constituent body of the United Nations

ITU-T

The abbreviated form of ITU-TSS

ITU-TSS

International Telecommunications Union – Telecommunications Standards Sector. Defines globally recognised recommendations for the network and services part of the ISDN. These recommendations are not compulsory, but provide a common framework within which regions can work. Abbreviated to ITU-T – see ETSI

IVD

Integrated Voice and Data workstation. A computer which contains an ISDN card, microphone and a voice box which enables it to be used as a PC videophone

IVR

Interactive Voice Response